Effect of Y2O3 on the structural,optical and radiation shielding properties of transparent Na-rich borate glass with diluted and fixed Fe2O3

We study the impact of yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) on the optical properties of iron-doped borate glasses. A series of borate glasses, with a diluted and constant amount of Fe₂O₃, doped with various amounts of Y₂O₃ (labeled as BNaFeY-glasses) was prepared and studied. The impact of Y₂O₃ doping on the optical transitions of BNaFeY-glasses was studied by analyzing the optical absorption spectra. The presence of Fe cations, with their Fe³⁺ state, leads to the appearance of absorption in the ultraviolet region. Furthermore, the optical transmittance spectra proved the transparency of all BNaFeY-glasses. Moreover, the transmittance of the sample with the highest Y₂O₃ content is about 93 % within the visible range. Because of the diluted Fe content within BNaFeY-glasses, the five absorption bands of Fe are not observed. So, these bands are detected by magnifying the spectra within the visible region. These bands are labeled ?₁, ?₂, ?₃, ?₄ and ?₅ at wavelengths 454.5, 518.4, 652.5, 707 and 808 nm respectively. These bands were used to calculate the crystal field splitting (10Dq) for all BNaFeY-glasses. The outstanding 10Dq increment with further Y₂O₃ doping was explained in terms of more interactions between Fe cations and their surroundings. On the other side, the shielding parameters were considered to examine the competence of these transparent glasses against nuclear radiation. We found that the sample doped with the highest amount of Y₂O₃ has the highest linear attenuation coefficient and the lowest half-value layer (HVL). From the HVL results, we need a thickness of 3.646 cm from the sample with 5 mol% of Y₂O₃ to get protection from 50% of the photons with energy of 0.662 MeV, and this thickness is increased to 5.137 cm when the energy is 1.333 MeV.