Solvothermal synthesis of zirconia nanomaterials: Latest developments and future |
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Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science & Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China |
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Abstract: | Due to excellent mechanical properties, thermal stability and catalytic characteristics, zirconia is considered as the most important ceramic materials. Different crystal forms make zirconia play a huge role in solid electrolyte fuel cells, catalysts, thermal barrier coatings, denture materials, mobile phone backplanes, etc. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review about solvothermal synthesis of nano-zirconia. Firstly, the reactors and systems of solvothermal synthesis in recent years are introduced. Especially, the advancement of continuously flowing microreactors and field-coupled systems are analyzed. Secondly, influencing factors of zirconia solvothermal synthesis are discussed. In addition, solvent effects on the synthesis of nano-zirconia products are clarified, and suggestions for solvent selection are given. Furthermore, the design and mechanism of solvothermal synthesis of zero-, one-, two-and three-dimensional zirconia nanostructures are revealed. Simultaneously, experimental methods and kinetic studies are summarized. Finally, potential applications and challenges are presented for future research directions. |
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Keywords: | Solvothermal synthesis Nano-zirconia Reactors and systems Crystal design Kinetic study |
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