地震成果数据管理中的存储格式类型及其特征

石油勘探地震数据处理成果数据普遍采用SEG-Y格式进行存储,该标准规定了各数据项的存储位置和内容,并对采样点振幅数据的存储格式规定了5种类型,包括IBM 32位浮点、4字节定点、2字节定点、4字节带增益定点和8位定点等。针对上述存储格式进行了研究,分别对偏移成果和偏移纯波数据的不同存储格式数据的实际振幅值、剖面图形、频谱等进行了分析和比较,得出了不同存储格式与IBM32浮点格式数据之间的绝对误差和相对误差值,得到了不同数据格式的转换方法、转换公式;并做了误差分析,通过误差分析给出了各种存储格式的适用范围。认为采用IBM32位浮点格式是地震成果数据管理中归档保存数据的最佳方式。

Types and Characters of Data Storage Format for Seismic Data Management

The SEG-Y standard is used frequently in seismic data processing and management,which defines the saving position of each data item and content.But the sampling data storage format has 5 categories: IBM 32 float,4 byte fixed-point,2 byte fixed-point,4 fixed-point with plus factor and 8 bit fixed-point etc.these 5 format types are usually used in seismic data process,interpretation and data management,this text aims at above formats to conduct the research,analysis the difference between them from comparing,their absolute error,relative error is obtained,conversion formula is obtained and the errors are analyzed,the scope of every kind of format is pointed out.IBM 32 float format's dynamic scope in data expression is considered.