油溶性表面活性剂生物降解度的测定

对ISO 10634-1995“水质———水介质中用于难溶有机物生物降解性能评价水溶液的制备与处理指南”推荐的方法进行逐一筛选,以期建立油溶性表面活性剂生物降解度测定的标准方法。实验结果表明,将油溶性表面活性剂超声乳化后,制备成粒径200 nm~300 nm乳液后,立即分散于水体系中进行降解,结果重复性较好,并且不影响油溶性表面活性剂生物降解度。用该方法对常见的油溶性表面活性剂的生物降解度进行了测定,结果表明大部分油溶性表面活性剂具有很好的生物降解性能;其降解规律与水溶性表面活性剂类似,疏水链长决定油溶性表面活性剂的生物降解性能,而亲水基团影响其生物降解速度。

Determination of biodegradation extent of water-insoluble surfactants

The methods suggested by ISO 10634-1995"water quality-guidance for the preparation and treatment of poorly water-soluble organic compounds for the subsequent evaluation of their biodegradability in an aqueous medium"were tested one by one.It was expected to establish a standard method for determination of biodegradation extent of water-insoluble(surfactants).The results showed that ultrasonic emulsion method was more suitable to the determination of water-insoluble(surfactants) degradation extent.The degradation extent of common used water-insoluble surfactants was tested with this method.It was found that those surfactants were readily biodegraded.The degradation rule was similar to that of water soluble(surfactants).The chain length decided the biodegradability,and the hydrophilic group had effect on the degradation rate.