淬火工艺对高速列车车轴用DZ2钢组织性能的影响

摘要：采用OM、SEM、EBSD、室温拉伸试验和低温冲击试验，揭示了淬火工艺对高速列车车轴用DZ2钢组织和性能的影响。研究结果表明，经850℃两次淬火和650℃回火后，DZ2钢获得了最佳的力学性能。抗拉强度、屈服强度、断后伸长率和-40℃冲击吸收能量分别为874MPa、773MPa、24%和222J。该工艺条件下原始奥氏体晶粒、马氏体板条束和板条块最为细小，其尺寸分别为14.9、6.9和1.32μm，较经950℃淬火和650℃回火后的分别细化了14.3、5.2和0.35μm，可有效抑制裂纹的扩展，提高低温韧性，韧脆转变温度由-103℃显著降低至-136℃。

Effect of quenching process on microstructure and properties of DZ2 steel for high speed train axle

Abstract： The effect of quenching process on the microstructure and properties of DZ2 steel used for high speed train axles is revealed by means of OM, SEM, EBSD, room temperature tensile test and low temperature impact test. The results show that after twice quenching at 850℃ and tempering at 650℃, the optimum mechanical properties of DZ2 steel were obtained. The tensile strength, yield strength, elongation after fracture and impact energy absorption at -40℃ of DZ2 steel are 874MPa, 773MPa, 24% and 222J, respectively. Moreover, the prior austenite grain, martensite packet and block are the finest, with the size of 14.9, 6.9 and 1.32μm, respectively, which are 14.3, 5.2 and 0.35μm finer than those after quenching at 950℃ and tempering at 650℃, respectively. And it is found that finer prior austenite grain boundaries, packet boundaries and block boundaries can effectively inhibit the crack propagation and improve the low temperature toughness, resulting in the ductile brittle transition temperature of DZ2 steel significantly reduced from -103℃ to -136℃.