邻近既有建（构）筑物隧道爆破方案评价及优化方法

为降低隧道爆破对邻近结构的振动影响，提高隧道爆破质量，基于数值模拟和非线性模糊层次分析法（FAHP）提出邻近既有建（构）筑物隧道爆破方案评价及优化的新方法。借助Midas/GTS NX软件将爆破方案的等效爆破时程荷载作用于隧道的开挖轮廓并进行动力响应分析，结合建（构）筑物爆破振动安全判据对模拟监测点的振动影响进行评价和振动控制参数优化；运用非线性FAHP对满足振速控制标准的爆破参数进行合理性综合评价，并对影响评价结果的主要指标参数进行优化；根据符合各阶段合理性判据的爆破参数确定爆破方案。在工程应用中，经该方法优化后的方案较原方案单段最大药量减少了25%，测点峰值振速（PPV）降低了41.2%；方案实施后，现场监测结果与模拟结果的衰减趋势和峰值大小基本一致，且爆破效果符合光面爆破的相关技术要求，从而验证了该方法各阶段评定判据设立的合理性及方案评价和优化的可行性。

Evaluation and optimization method of tunnel blasting scheme for adjacent existing structures

In order to reduce the vibration impact of tunnel blasting on adjacent structures and improve the quality of tunnel blasting, a new method for evaluating and optimizing adjacent existing structures tunnel blasting schemes is proposed based on numerical simulation and nonlinear fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). Firstly, the method uses Midas/GTS NX software to apply the equivalent blasting time-history load of the blasting plan to the excavation profile for dynamic response analysis. Combined with blasting vibration safety criterion, the vibration influence of simulated monitoring points is evaluated and vibration control parameters are optimized. Secondly, the blasting parameters that meet the vibration speed control standards are comprehensively evaluated for rationality using nonlinear FAHP, and the index parameters that affect the evaluation results are optimized. Finally, the rationality criteria of each stage met the blasting parameters determine the blasting scheme. In engineering applications, the solution optimized by this method reduces the maximum dose of the original solution by 25%, and the peak value of the simulated vibration velocity at the measuring point is therefore reduced by 41.2%. After implementation of the solution, the attenuation trend and peak size of the on-site monitoring and simulation results are basically the same. Effect of light blasting meets the relevant technical requirements of smooth blasting, which verifies the rationality of the evaluation criteria established at each stage of the method and the feasibility of program evaluation and optimization.