大圆坯环形锻件探伤缺陷类型及机理论述

为了揭示大圆坯锻件环形探伤不合格的原因，结合研究情况论述了多种不同类型缺陷形态及构成，并分析了各类型缺陷的宏观及微观特征、提出产生缺陷的原因以及解决措施。大圆坯锻件探伤不合格的主要原因有夹渣、内部裂纹以及应力裂纹3种形式，防止产生探伤不合格的主要工艺措施有防止产生二次氧化渣、结晶器卷渣以及水口堵塞、保证连铸在冷却过程的均匀冷却，降低钢中氧含量，并且避免产生应力集中的加工方式等。

Discussion on defect types and mechanism of ring forgings forged from round billets

In order to reveal the causes of unqualified inspection of large round forgings, the forms and composition of various types of defects are discussed, the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of each type of defects are analyzed,and the causes of the defects and the solutions are proposed. There are three forms of slag inclusion, internal crack and stress that they cause unqualified inspection of large round forging, and the main technological measures to prevent the failure of flaw detection are preventions of secondary oxidation slag,mould fluxes and nozzle blocking to ensure uniform cooling in the cooling process of continuous casting, at the same time reduce the oxygen content in the steel, and avoid the processing method of stress concentration etc.