整合光环境分析的外窗节能设计研究——以寒冷地区点式高层办公楼为例

关于窗墙比与能耗关系的现有研究中,大量的是关注窗墙比对采暖、制冷能耗的影响,而窗墙比的变化对办公空间室内光环境的影响被忽视了。基于此背景,以寒冷地区点式高层办公楼为研究对象,在能耗模拟中耦合室内光环境的分析,研究窗墙比与采暖、制冷和照明能耗间的定量关系。研究结果表明,改变东西向窗墙比对能耗影响最大,东西向窗墙比宜控制在较小的范围内。北向窗墙比其次,宜控制在0.6以下。改变南向窗墙比变化对建筑总能耗影响不大。

Energy-Efficient Design of Window Considering Lighting Environment Analysis: Case analysis of High-rise Tower-type Office Building in Cold Climate Zone of China

There have been large number of researches on the relationship of Window to Wall Ration (WWR) and energy consumption,and most of them concentrated on the relationship between WWR and heating,cooling energy consumption.However,the impact of WWR to the lighting environment of office is always neglected during the simulation process.Based on the background,this paper aims to analyze the impact of WWR to heating,cooling energy consumption while integrating the lighting analysis.The simulation tool is Designbuilder.A prototypical tower-type office building is modeled based on survey.More information about the prototypical building can be seen in paper "Effect of Building Form on Energy Consumption of High-rise Tower-type Office Buildings in the Cold Climate Zone of China".The prototypical model can represent the high-rise tower-type office buildings in cold zone of China.The standard floor is simulated and in order to integrate lighting analysis into simulation,the standard floor is divided into four zones,each zone has a lighting control sensor.Glare analysis is considered in the simulation process.When the Glare Index is over 22,the shading devices will automatically shut to avoid glare.The layers and properties of the exterior wall,roof,ground,internal floor and glazing of prototypical building are based on practice and are consistent with the relevant regulations of Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Public Buildings (GB50189-2005).The HVAC system utilizes fan coil unit.Timetable of occupant and system settings can reflect the characteristics of office building.The Tianjin CSWD weather data is applied in the simulation.The WWR is changed to analyze the numerical relationship between WWR and energy consumption of office building in cold climate zone of China.The WWR ranges from 0.3 to 0.7.The WWR is changed with each orientation respectively.The horizontal window type as well as the sill height is fixed during simulation.In the result and discussion part,the EUI is used to represent heating,cooling and lighting energy consumption as well as total energy consumption.Taking the prototypical model as baseline building,the energy saving rate of each WWR is analyzed.Results show that WWR on the west and east has the biggest influence on energy consumption.When the WWR on the west and east gets larger,lighting and heating energy consumption stays nearly unchanged,however the cooling energy consumption increases which results to the increase of total energy consumption.Therefore the WWR on the west and east should be minimized.WWR on the north had a second influence on energy consumption.When the WWR on the north varies from 0.3 to 0.6,the lighting energy consumption decreases while the heating,cooling energy consumption increase.And the total energy consumption stays unchanged.Therefore,the WWR on the north is better to be controlled below 0.6.WWR on the south had the minimum influence on energy consumption.Therefore,designers have more flexibility when they design the windows on the south.Design concept,architectural appearance can have more priorities to windows on the south.