基于FRAM 的塔吊作业系统安全管理分析

为进一步提升塔吊作业安全管理水平，梳理了塔吊作业过程的主要活动，识别了系统的 17 项功能和功能间关联关系，基于功能共振分析方法对塔吊作业系统建模。依托 68 份塔吊事故调查报告对功能变化情景进行了直接描述，并引入了对功能潜在变化发生可能性的区分。采用以典型事故类型为主线的定性分析方法进行功能变化耦合分析，形成了典型事故的形成路径。发展了适用于风险分析场景的定量分析方法，计算了功能耦合关系的相对重要性评分。基于上述建模分析，提出了以“吊运”功能变化为监控核心进行实施塔吊作业安全管理的重点内容。

Safety Management Analysis of Tower Crane Operation System Based on FRAM

To further improve the tower crane operation safety management，firstly，the main activities of the tower crane operationprocess were sorted out，and 17 functions of the system and their relationships have been identified. Based on the functionalresonance analysis method（FRAM），the tower crane operation system was modeled. Relying on 68 tower crane accidentinvestigation reports，the functional variability scenarios were directly described and the possibility of potential functional changeswas distinguished. Afterward，the functional variability coupling analysis was conducted through the qualitative analysis takingtypical accident types as the backbone. The typical accident path was formed. furthermore，a quantitative analysis method for riskanalysis scenarios was developed to calculate the relative importance score of the functional variability coupling relationships.Finally, based on the above analysis，this paper put forward the implementation of tower crane operation safety management with the"lifting" function variability as the monitoring core.