西南农村污水系统源头构筑物及管网布置设计探讨

结合西南农村典型地形环境,分选川贵两省截流式合流制和分流制排水体制实际工程,探讨管线设计过程中针对农村特殊情况所采用的工程措施。自居民接户管处,根据污水来源、排放方式,分别采用化粪池、隔渣井、水槽以及截流槽等不同源头构筑物收集污水,并利用构筑物降低水中油脂和SS含量,以避免堵塞管道,构筑物分户对应,促使居民自发维护管理;分析农村巷道、野外、跨河等特殊环境条件下污水管道走线设计,科学合理布置管线;管道沿线可适当布置沉泥井、压力检修井等管网附属设施,以利于管道运维管理。

Discussions on Wastewater Pipeline and Collecting Structure Design of Rural Areas in Southwest China

Based on the typical terrain of southwest rural areas,the drainage projects of the combined system and the separated system in Sichuan and Guizhou Provinces were chosen to discuss the project measures conducted in the wastewater pipe network design in rural areas.According to the sources and discharge modes of wastewater,different collecting structures such as septic tanks,residue separation well,sink and intercepting groove could be used to collect source wastewater and to reduce oil and SS contents in the water to avoid clogging.The structure corresponded to each household,and promoted the spontaneous maintenance and management of residents.This paper analyzed the design of wastewater pipeline routing under special environmental conditions such as rural roadway,field and river crossing.Sludge settling wells and pressure maintenance wells can be properly arranged along the pipeline to facilitate the pipeline management of operation and maintenance.