Stress-induced anisotropy in sand under cyclic loading |
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Authors: | Minyun Hu Catherine O’Sullivan Richard R Jardine Mingjing Jiang |
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Affiliation: | (1) Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China;(2) Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China |
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Abstract: | The anisotropy of a granular material’s structure will influence its response to applied loads and deformations. Anisotropy
can be either inherent (e.g. due to depositional process) or induced as a consequence of the applied stresses or strains.
Discrete element simulations allow the interactions between individual particles to be explicitly simulated and the fabric
can be quantified using a fabric tensor. The eigenvalues of this fabric tensor then give a measure of the anisotropy of the
fabric. The coordination number is a particle scale scalar measure of the packing density of the material. The current study
examines the evolution of the fabric of a granular material subject to cyclic loading, using two-dimensional discrete element
method (DEM) simulations. Isotropic consolidation modifies and reduces the inherent anisotropy, but anisotropic consolidation
can accentuate anisotropy. The ratio of the normal to shear spring stiffness at the particle contacts in the DEM model affects
the evolution of anisotropy. Higher ratios reduce the degree of anisotropy induced by anisotropic consolidation. The anisotropy
induced by cyclic loading depends on the amplitude of the loading cycles and the initial anisotropy. |
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Keywords: | |
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