用作超级电容器电极材料的酚醛树脂基活性炭

以酚醛树脂为原料,采用水蒸气活化,制备了炭纤维和泡沫炭粉两种活性炭作为超级电容器电极材料。采用扫描电镜和物理自动吸附仪对两种活性炭的形貌与孔结构进行了表征;另外采用循环伏安法和恒流充放电法,对其充放电性能进行了研究。结果表明,在1.0mA电流下充放电,炭纤维和泡沫炭粉的充电比电容分别为176.7和144.4F.g–1,放电效率分别为88.2%和85.1%;随着充放电电流的增大,二者充放电容量减小,放电效率提高。循环伏安测试表明在600mV.min–1扫描速率下炭纤维的电化学窗口大于泡沫炭粉。

Electrode materials in supercapacitor from phenolic resin activated carbon

Two kinds of activated carbon,carbon fiber and carbon foam powder,used as the electrode materials of supercapacitor were prepared from thermoplastic phenolic resin via water vapor activation. The morphology and porous structure of both kinds of activated carbon were characterized with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and physisorption instrument,respectively. Moreover,the charge-discharge performance of them was evaluated with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurement. The results show that,when the charge-discharge current is 1mA,the specific capacitances of activated carbon fiber and carbon foam powder are 176.7 F.g–1 and 144.4 F.g–1 respectively,while the discharge efficiency are 88.2% and 85.1% respectively. With increasing charge-discharge current,the specific capacitance of both kinds of activated carbon decreases while the discharge efficiency increases. The electrochemical window of activated carbon fiber is found to be wider than that of activated carbon foam powder through performing cyclic voltammetric measurement at a scanning speed of 600 mV.min–1.