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Effects of buoyancy induced roof ventilation systems for smoke removal in tunnel fires
Affiliation:1. Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa-shi, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8507, Japan;1. School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China;1. Institute of Disaster Prevention Science & Safety Technology, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China;2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing 100012, China;3. Key Laboratory of Building Fire Protection Engineering and Technology of MPS, Tianjin 300381, China;1. China Merchants Chongqing Communications Technology Research & Design Institute Co., Ltd., No. 33 Xuefu Road Nan’an (South Coast) District,Chongqing(400016), China;2. Sichuan Fire Reserch Institute of Ministry of Public Security, No.69 JinKe Nan Road JinNiu District, Chengdu(610036), China
Abstract:The present article highlights the performance of natural roof ventilation systems and its effects on tunnel fire flow characteristics. Numerical analysis is performed using Large Eddy Simulations (LES) to predict fire growth rate and smoke movement in tunnel with single and multiple roof openings. The smoke venting performance of ceiling vents are investigated by varying the vent size and fire source locations. The critical parameters such as mass flow rate through ceiling openings, smoke traveling time and fire growth patterns are presented. The ceiling openings are effective in transferring hot gases and reduces the longitudinal smoke velocity. The heat source and ceiling vent locations significantly affects the vent performance and smoke behavior in tunnel. The present results are in good agreement with the experimental results available in literature.
Keywords:Tunnel fire  Roof vents  Fire spread  Natural ventilation
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