PCR技术在食源性致病微生物快速检测中的应用

PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)即聚合酶链式反应,是一种体外快速扩增基因或DNA序列的方法。食源性致病微生物是影响食品质量和安全的主要因素之一,建立和完善食品中致病微生物快速检测技术具有重要的现实意义。PCR技术以其自身的灵敏度高、特异性强、速度快等优点作为食源性致病微生物检测的关键技术在食品中得到广泛的应用。本文简要介绍PCR技术的基本原理,及其在几种食源性致病微生物如沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏杆菌、致病性大肠杆菌及其他一些有害微生物检测中的应用,并分析了PCR技术在食源性致病菌检测的实际应用中存在的一些问题及对此项技术的展望,这将有力促进我们今后更好地研究应用PCR技术检测食品中食源性致病微生物。

Application of PCR in Rapid Detection of Some Food-Borne Pathogenic Microorganisms

PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)assay is a method by which a few fragments of DNA or gene can be rapidly duplicated in vitro into millions. Food-borne pathogenic microorganism was one of the important factors that could affect the quality and safety of food. It is of realistic significance that the rapid detection technology of food-borne pathogenic microorganism should be designed and consummated. PCR assay has been extensively applied in detection of food-borne pathogenic microorganisms for its rapid, sensitivity and specificity. This makes PCR a very useful and important method in food detection. The principle of Polymerase Chain Reaction and the process of detection by PCR were summarized in this paper. It briefly introduces the application of PCR in detection of several food-borne pathogenic microorganisms such as Salmonella, Sta-phylococcus aureus and Staphylococcal enterotoxin, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 and some other deleterious microorganisms. Some shortages and the prospect of PCR application in practical application of PCR in rapid detection of some food-borne pathogenic microorganisms are also analyzed. It could be effectively utilized the rapid detection of food-borne pathogenic microorganism makes obvious progress.