基于主动响应负荷电压调节的预防控制策略

特高压交直流输电和可再生能源发电的增加使得电力系统复杂程度加深,特别是特高压直流输电的容量巨大,一旦发生直流闭锁故障,受端电网发生严重功率缺额,将给电网的安全稳定运行带来巨大冲击,常规处理措施则会切除大量负荷,造成重大经济损失。而采取适当的措施进行预防控制则可以增加电网的稳定裕度,减轻发生故障时电网的压力。文章基于主动响应负荷的分类定义,根据电压响应型负荷的ZIP模型说明其电压特性,然后通过OLTC调压手段,结合负荷主动响应的特性,提出基于主动响应负荷电压调节的预防控制策略,提高静态电压值,从而可以有效的降低事故发生的可能,并在发生事故后,提高暂态电压裕度,从而减少需要切除负荷的量。在河南算例中的仿真结果表明了该策略的有效性。

Preventive Control Strategy Based on Active Response Load Voltage Regulation

The increase of UHV DC/AC and renewable energy power generation makes the power system more complex. Especially, the capacity of UHVDC transmission is huge. Once the DC lockout accident happens, the power of the receiving end will be seriously deficient, which will bring great impact on the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Conventional treatment will remove a lot of load. Proper preventive control measures can increase the stability margin of power grid and reduce the pressure of power grid when faults occur. Based on the definition of active response load classification, a voltage responsive load ZIP model is established. By means of OLTC voltage regulation and combining with the characteristics of load active response, the preventive control strategy based on active response load voltage regulation is proposed, which can effectively improve the static voltage value that can reduce the probability of accident and improve the transient voltage margin after accidents that can reduce the proportion of load to be removed after the accident. The simulation results in a Henan example show the effectiveness of the strategy.