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Zeolite‐catalyzed isomerization of oleic acid to branched‐chain isomers
Authors:Helen L Ngo  Alberto Nuñez  Wenbin Lin  Thomas A Foglia
Affiliation:1. USDA, ARS, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA, USA;2. Department of Chemistry, CB#3290, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
Abstract:Branched‐chain (bc) saturated fatty acids (SFA) have potential as oleochemical intermediates since they have better oxidative stability than linear unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and have better low‐temperature properties than linear SFA. Previous studies in converting UFA to bc‐FA using clay catalysts have resulted in only modest yields and conversions. Recent reports, however, have suggested that certain zeolites can be effective catalysts for converting UFA to bc‐FA in higher yields and conversions. In this work, we examined the scope and potential of the zeolite‐catalyzed synthesis of bc‐FA starting from readily available monounsaturated linear FA. Our results show that common UFA such as oleic acid can be converted to bc‐isomers using modified Ferrierite zeolite catalysts with high conversions (98%) and high selectivity (85%) and that the zeolite catalysts are reusable for at least three cycles. The positions of branching (methyl) on the FA chain were determined from the GC‐MS spectra of the picolinyl esters of the bc‐FA.
Keywords:Branched‐chain fatty acids  dimer acids  ferrierites  isostearic acid  zeolite
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