烟梗与叶片氨基酸组成差异和相关性研究

为了解烤烟烟梗中氨基酸含量和组成特点，选择了国内18个代表性产地，对上、中、下部位烤烟烟梗和对应叶片样品氨基酸进行了测定，比较了烟梗和叶片20种氨基酸含量差异，分析了烟梗与对应叶片氨基酸含量的相关性，并考察了不同部位烟梗氨基酸差异规律。结果显示，烟梗中氨基酸总量略高于叶片，烟梗中异亮氨酸、酪氨酸、天冬氨酸等11种氨基酸含量显著高于对应叶片，色氨酸、组氨酸等4种氨基酸含量显著低于叶片；不同烟梗间氨基酸含量变异性大于叶片间变异性；除缬氨酸、苏氨酸和胱氨酸，烟梗其他氨基酸含量与对应叶片氨基酸含量有显著相关性；上部烟梗氨基酸含量高于中部和下部烟梗。总之，烟梗与对应叶片氨基酸含量具有正相关性，但组成有显著差异。

Difference and Relationship of Amino Acid Composition between Stem and Lamina of Tobacco Leaves

In order to understand the content and composition characteristics of amino acids in stems of flue-cured tobacco leaves, 20 kinds of amino acids in flue-cured tobacco stems and corresponding lamina samples including upper/middle/lower stalk position from 18 representative domestic areas, were analyzed. With statistical analysis, the differences of amino acid contents between tobacco stems and laminas were compared. The correlation between amino acid contents of tobacco stems and corresponding laminas was analyzed, and the content differences of amino acid among tobacco stems of different stalk position were investigated. The results showed that the total amount of amino acids in tobacco stems was slightly higher than that in laminas, and the contents of 11 amino acids such as isoleucine, tyrosine and aspartic acid in tobacco stems were significantly higher than those in corresponding laminas, while the contents of 4 amino acids such as tryptophan and histidine in tobacco stems were significantly lower than those in laminas; the variability of amino acid contents among different tobacco stems was greater than that among laminas; except valine, threonine and cystine, other amino acids in tobacco stems were significantly related to laminas positively; the amino acid contents of upper tobacco stems were higher than that of middle and lower stems. In summary, there was a positive correlation between amino acid content of tobacco stem and corresponding laminas, but there was significant difference in amino acid composition.