肺炎支原体感染流行病学及耐药状况的研究进展

肺炎支原体是呼吸道感染病原之一,是引起儿童获得性肺炎常见的病原体。学龄期前和学龄期的儿童是易感人群,感染后多见社区获得性肺炎。但是由于地理位置、气候和性别的差异,在同一季节不同地区的儿童肺炎支原体感染的流行特征也存在差异。近年来重症及难治性肺炎支原体肺炎相关报道逐渐增多,耐药菌株的出现造成了治疗的困难。肺炎支原体感染除了引起呼吸道疾病外,还会引发神经系统和消化系统疾病等并发症。本文就肺炎支原体的病原生物学特征、流行病学特征、耐药状况等作一综述。

Progress in research on epidemiology and drug resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection

Mycoplasma pneumonia(Mp) is one of the pathogens of respiratory tract infection,and also a common pathogen of acquired pneumonia in children. The children at pre-school and school ages are susceptible to Mp,in whom community-acquired pneumonia is more common after infection. However,due to the differences in geographical location,climate and gender,the prevalence of Mp infection in children in different regions in the same season are also different.In recent years,the reports of severe and refractory pneumonia caused by Mp have gradually increased,and the emergence of resistant strains has caused difficulties in the therapy. In addition to respiratory diseases,Mp infection may also cause complications such as diseases in nervous and digestive systems. This article reviews the pathogenic biological characteristics,epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance of Mp.