| Abstract: | The theory of imaging in scanning microscopes with lenses, source and detector all having Gaussian pupil function is developed. This assumption is useful as the expressions may be evaluated analytically. It is shown that Type 2 microscopes exhibit superior performance to those of Type 1. Effects of defocus are considered. It is found that defocus can be used in a Type 2 microscope to observe phase information without the limitation in resolution associated with stopping down the collector of a conventional microscope. It is also found that a Type 2 microscope discriminates against light scattered by parts of the object outside of the focal plane, allowing observation of detail within a thick object. |
