基于防磨结构的旋风分离器性能优化

基于气固两相流和冲蚀理论对常规Stairmand旋风分离器和防磨型旋风分离器冲蚀规律进行了研究. 结果表明，对常规旋风分离器，其壁面冲蚀磨损速率从筒体顶端向下逐渐减小，在筒体L1/H1=0.8以下区域，磨损速率基本保持不变；在L1/H1=0.8以上区域，冲蚀磨损呈增大趋势，最大为2.3′10-6 kg/(m2×s)；在锥体L2/H2=0.35以下区域，冲蚀速率逐渐减小；而在L2/H2=0.35以上区域呈逐渐增大趋势，在锥体顶端达最大值2.0′10-7 kg/(m2×s). 对防磨型旋风分离器，在筒体L1/H1=0.8以上区域，壁面最大冲蚀速率为0.5′10-6 kg/(m2×s)，远小于常规旋风分离器. 在锥体从锥底向上冲蚀速率逐渐减小，在锥体顶端为0.4′10-7 kg/(m2×s)，小于常规旋风分离器. 在小粒径范围内，分离效率随粒径增加而基本呈线性递增趋势. 粒径大于4 mm时，防磨型旋风分离器具有较高的分离效率. 压降随防磨板高度增加逐渐减小. A3型防磨分离器压降为360 Pa，小于常规分离器压降550 Pa. 为了降低旋风分离器壁面的冲蚀磨损，减少出口压降损失，粒径大于4 mm时，可选择最合理的B1型防磨分离器提高旋风分离器的防磨性能，从而延长使用寿命.

Performance Optimization of Cyclone Separator Based on the Wear Structure

Based on the theory of gas-solid two-phase flow and erosion, conventional Stairmand cyclone separator and the rule of erosion wear type cyclone separator were studied. The results show that conventional cyclone wall erosion wear rate decreases down from the top of the cylinder. In the region below the cylinder L1/H1=0.8, the wear rate remains basically unchanged. In the region above L1/H1=0.8, the erosion wear rate shows an increasing trend, its maximum value is 2.3′10-6 kg/(m2×s). In the region below the cone L2/H2=0.35, the wear rate decreases, and in the region above L2/H2=0.35 the wear rate shows a gradual increasing trend, at the top of the pyramid it has a maximum value of 2.0′10-7 kg/(m2×s). Wear type cyclone separator in the region above cylinder L1/H1=0.8 has the maximum wall corrosion rate of 0.5′10-6 kg/(m2×s) which is far less than that of conventional cyclone separator. In the cone upward from the cone bottom the erosion wear rate decreases gradually, and is 0.4′10-7 kg/(m2×s) at the top of the cone, which is less than that of conventional cyclone separator. In small particle size range, the separation efficiency increases linearly with the increase of particle size. When the particle size is greater than 4 mm, wear type cyclone separator has a higher separation efficiency. The pressure drop decreases with increasing of the wear plate height gradually. The type A3 wear separator has a pressure drop of 360 Pa, which is less than that of conventional separator 550 Pa. Therefore, in order to reduce the cyclone wall erosion wear and reduce outlet pressure drop loss, when the particles with the size greater than 4 mm are separated, the most reasonable wear B1 type separator should be chosen for improving the wear performance of cyclone separator and prolonging its service life.