超声波功率对电渣钢锭中氧化铝夹杂物分布的影响

采用自行设计的带超声波振动的电渣炉，研究了超声波功率对轴承钢中氧化铝夹杂物分布及去除的影响. 结果表明，电渣重熔过程中超声波功率从0增至400和700 W，钢锭中的夹杂物最大尺寸分别是40, 36和14 mm，功率增至1000 W时，夹杂物最大尺寸增至36 mm. 电渣重熔过程中无超声波时，钢锭中夹杂物在试样边部与中心部位聚集，边部聚集尤为严重. 超声波功率增加，夹杂物聚集逐渐减弱直至均匀分布. 超声波去除夹杂物主要是其空化和声流效应改善了渣-金间反应的动力学条件，使夹杂物均匀分布于钢锭中. 但超声波功率过高会降低渣-金间的反应速率，引起金属熔池扰动，降低电渣精炼能力.

Effect of Ultrasonic Power on Distribution of Al2O3 Inclusions in ESR Ingots

A new electrosalg furnace with ultrasonic vibration was designed, and the effects of ultrasonic power on removal and distribution of alumina inclusions in electroslag remelting (ESR) ingots were studied. The results showed that during ESR, the biggest inclusion size decreased gradually from 40 mm to 36 and 14 mm when the ultrasonic power increased from 0 to 400 and 700 W. But when the power increased to 1000 W, the biggest inclusion size increased to 36 mm instead. Without ultrasonic vibration in ESR process, the inclusions had a tendency to aggregate in the edge and center of ESR ingots, and the edge aggregation was more serious. When the ultrasonic power increased, the distribution of inclusions became more uniform gradually. These phenomena were due to the ultrasonic cavitation and acoustic streaming effects, which improved the dynamic conditions of metal-slag reaction and were conducive to the removal and uniform distribution of inclusions. However, the too high ultrasonic power would generate the strong cavitation and acoustic streaming effects which would reduce the reduction of reaction rate between the slag and liquid metal, cause the disturbance of molten pool and depress the refining capacity of electroslag remelting process.