Size-controlled synthesis of graphite nanoflakes and multi-layer graphene by liquid phase exfoliation of natural graphite |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Center for Semiconductor Components, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-870, Brazil;2. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Gagarine Av. 32/3, Nizhni Novgorod 603950, Russia;3. Physico-Technical Research Institute of Nizhni Novgorod State University, Gagarine Av. 32/3, Nizhni Novgorod 603950, Russia;1. Division of Materials, Mechanics and Structures, Center of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia;2. MIMOS Berhad, Technology Park Malaysia, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;3. Low Dimensional Materials Research Center, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;1. New Materials Department, IK4-CIDETEC, Paseo Miramón 196, E-20009 San Sebastián, Spain;2. Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland;1. School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;2. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan;3. Department of Physics, University of Yangon, 11041 Kamayut, Yangon, Myanmar |
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| Abstract: | Multi-layer graphene and graphite nanoflakes were produced through graphite liquid exfoliation using organic solvents. The nanoflakes size distribution was statistically analyzed, with the number of measured samples being high enough (from ∼200 to 900) for reliable evaluation of the statistical model. The nanoflakes size data were found to follow a log-normal distribution, with higher fraction of large size flakes as compared to a conventional normal distribution. The same kind of distribution was also obtained for nanoflakes thickness. Based on these findings, the detailed mechanism of the pristine polycrystalline graphite exfoliation in a liquid phase due to formation and collapse of cavitation bubbles was discussed. The high quality of nanoflakes was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. |
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