Characterisation of tannin resin blends for particle board applications |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Windhoek, Namibia;2. Egarton University, P.O. Box 536, Njoro, Nakuru, Kenya;3. University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35131, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan;2. Iron Making Process Development Section, Iron and Steel Research Development Department, CSC, Kaohsiung, 81233, Taiwan;1. Laboratory of Materials Mechanics, Structures and Integrated Manufacturing, National Advanced School of Engineering, Yaoundé 1 University, BP 8390 Yaoundé, Cameroon;2. LERMAB, Nancy University, 27 rue du Merle Blanc, BP 1041, 88051 Epinal, France;3. Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and environment, Ngaoundéré University, BP 455 Ensai, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon;4. Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Université Catholique de Louvain, Bâtiment de Hemptinne, 2, Chemin du Cyclotron, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;5. Dept. of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;6. Dept. of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;1. Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of the Basque Country, Plaza Europa, 1, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain;2. CNRS/UPPA PAU & PAYS ADOUR/ E25 UPPA, Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physico-Chemistry for Environment and Materials (IPREM), IUT des Pays de l’Adour, 371 Rue de Ruisseau, 40004, Mont de Marsan, France;1. Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran;2. ENSTIB-LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 27 Philippe Seguin, 88026, Epinal, France;1. Wood K Plus - Competence Center of Wood Composites and Wood Chemistry, Kompetenzzentrum Holz GmbH, Altenberger Str. 69,A-4040, Linz, Austria;2. Institute of Wood Technology and Renewable Materials, Department of Material Science and Process Engineering, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, A-3430, Tulln, Austria;3. Metadynea Austria GmbH, Hafenstr. 77, 3500, Krems, Austria;4. Fritz Egger GmbH & Co. OG, Tiroler Str. 16, 3105, Unterradlberg, Austria;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, New Prince Shri Bhavani College of Engineering and Technology, Chennai - 600073 and PhD Scholar, SSN College of Engg, Chennai, 603110, India;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India |
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| Abstract: | Tannins and cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) are groups of natural resins that are receiving wide attention as substitutes to synthetic binders in the production of biocomposites. In this work, blends of hydrolyzed tannin, CNSL, and urea formaldehyde (UF) have been tested to determine their mechanical and physical properties for particle board applications. The blending of hydrolyzed tannin with UF resin has been found to reduce the formaldehyde emission levels significantly. A blend of hydrolyzed tannin and CNSL has been found to possess better dimensional stability. Tannin-blended resins cure faster, i.e. have shorter pot life, and result in composites with better water and moisture resistance when compared to UF. Thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry has shown that tannin blends exhibit better thermal stability and have a higher glass transition temperature than UF resin. Generally, it was found that particle boards made from coffee husks, and bonded using the tannin resin blend that include UF and CNSL, possessed superior properties to those made using UF alone. The mechanical and physical properties of coffee husk-particle boards produced using this new resin blend are presented and discussed. |
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