塔河渣油加氢轻质化富集钒的研究

以高钒含量的塔河常压渣油(THAR)为研究对象，通过对油样基本性质及加工性能进行分析，考察了反应温度、氢初压和反应时间对钒在各产物中的分配率及产物分布的影响。结果表明：THAR属于难加工的重质油；加氢轻质化处理后，钒主要富集在残渣中，反应温度和反应时间的增加有利于钒在残渣中的富集，但轻质化油产率降低，氢初压的增加对钒的分配率和产物分布的影响不大；THAR轻质化的适宜条件为：温度425 ℃，氢初压3.0 MPa，反应时间45 min，在此条件下，钒在轻质化油中的分配率仅为0.44%，在残渣中的分配率可达95.57%，残渣中钒质量分数为1 323 μg/g，轻质化油产率为61.29%，残渣产率为20.32%。

STUDY ON ENRICHMENT OF VANADIUM BY HYDRO-UPGRADING OF TAHE ATMOSPHERIC RESIDUE

THAR with high concentration of vanadium is a kind of heavy oil difficult to be processed. It was found that hydro-upgrading process could concentrate the vanadium in bottom fractions. Based on the properties of THAR, the effect of hydrotreating conditions, such as hydrotreating temperature, initial hydrogen pressure and reaction time, on vanadium distribution in product and light fraction yield were investigated. The results show that vanadium is mainly enriched in residue through hydrotreating, and the higher temperature and longer reaction time were conducive to the enrichment of vanadium, but could make light oil yield decrease. However, no apparent effect of initial hydrogen pressure on distribution of vanadium and light fraction yield is found. The suitable hydro-upgrading conditions are: T = 425 ℃, P H2 =3.0 MPa, and reaction time 45 min. Under these conditions, the distribution ratio of vanadium in the light oil is only 0.44%, but the distribution ratio in the residue is up to 95.57%. The vanadium content in the hydrotreated residue is as high as 1323 μg/g. The yields of the light fraction and residue are 61.29% and 20.32%, respectively.