新型纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料研制及其中子屏蔽性能研究

核技术应用产业的迅速发展，对中子辐射屏蔽材料的种类、服役环境、结构性能提出更多、更高要求。针对发展功能/结构一体化中子屏蔽材料需求，研制了一种新型玻璃纤维/B₄C/环氧树脂复合材料。力学测试与中子屏蔽实验发现，该复合材料中子屏蔽性能良好，5 cm厚样品屏蔽后中子透射率仅19.6%；材料具有较高强度与模量，性能优于铅硼聚乙烯。增大材料B₄C含量对提升材料中子屏蔽性能作用显著，但同时材料强度、模量有一定减小。综合考虑该材料的中子屏蔽性能、承受载荷以及耐高温特性，其在反应堆、加速器及中子源等核设施外围防护材料，尤其是乏燃料贮存格架材料用途上具有较大应用潜力。

Preparation and Neutron Shielding Performance of New Type Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites

The importance of neutron shielding materials has grown significantly with the development of nuclear technology and radioactive source device. A new type glass fiber/B₄C/epoxy resin composite was prepared by hot pressing process to meet the need of function/structure integration neutron shielding materials. The results of tensile tests and neutron shielding experiments of the composite show excellent neutron shielding performance, and the transmissivity of neutron after 5 cm sample is only 19.6%. The tensile strength and elastic modulus retain a high level which outclass the case in B₄C/polythene composites. With the increase of B₄C content in the composites, composite’s neutron shielding performance increases but mechanical property decreases. Considering the high neutron shielding performance and mechanical property of composite, there is large potential application in the outer protective materials of nuclear facilities such as reactor, accelerator, neutron source and especially, the spent fuel storage vessel’s structural frame.