N,N,N-三乙基-2-羟基-3-月桂酰氧基丙基氯化铵的合成与性能

以月桂酸、环氧氯丙烷和三乙胺为主要原料,经酯化、季铵化合成了N,N,N-三乙基-2-羟基-3-月桂酰氧基丙基氯化铵（CELA）,对CELA的合成进行了研究。结果表明,酯化反应条件：n（月桂酸）/n（环氧氯丙烷）=1.0∶1.2,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为8h,苄基三乙基氯化铵（TEBAC）为催化剂,3-氯-2-羟基-月桂酸丙酯的收率达到98.7%;季铵化反应条件：n（中间体）/n（三乙胺）=1.0∶1.8,反应温度为80℃,以异丙醇作溶剂,反应时间为25h,得到粗产品经乙醇-丙酮混合溶剂提纯后活性物的质量分数可达到95.0%以上,对所得产品进行红外表征及性能测试。25℃时其水溶液的临界胶束浓度为0.21mmol/L,CELA的表面张力为33.27mN/m,CELA质量浓度为20g/L时对高岭土防膨率达到80%,40mg/L时对A3碳钢的缓蚀率可达到87.5%。

Synthesis and Property of N,N,N-3-Ethyl-2-Hydroxy-3-Lauroyloxy Propyl Triethyl Ammonium Chloride

The N,N,N-3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-3-lauroyloxy propyl triethyl ammonium chloride(CELA) was synthesized with lauric acid,epichlorohydrin and triethylamine as the main starting materials.The main reaction include esterification and quaternization.The reaction process was studied and the result as follows,the esterification conditions: n(lauric acid)/n(epichlorohydrin)=1.0:1.2,reaction temperature was 80 ℃,reaction time was 8 h,benzyl triethylammonium chloride(TEBAC) was the catalyst and the lauric acid-2-hydroxy-3-chlorine-propyl ester yield rate is 98.7%.The quaternization conditions: n(intermediate)/n(triethylamine)=1.0:1.8,the temperature was 80 ℃,isopropyl alcohol was the solvent,reaction time was 25 h,the active mass fraction of purified production is 95.0%.The product was identified by FT-IR and the property was tested.The cmc of CELA solution was 0.21 mmol/L and surface tension was 33.27 mN/m at 25 ℃.The antiswelling rate to kaoline is 80% when the mass concentration of CELA was 20 g/L.Corrosion mitigation rate to A3 steel is 87.5% when the mass concentration of CELA was 40 mg/L.