宁波地区食品中致病菌污染物检测与调查

目的 了解宁波地区食品中携带或污染的致病菌,为控制食源性疾病提供依据.方法 致病菌检测采用直接分离与增菌分离相结合的方法；细菌鉴定采用生化筛检和API等方法；血清分型采用诊断血清凝集法；药敏试验采用K-B法；采用PCR检测耐药基因.结果 从6 812份食品标本中检出致病菌7类12种,共2 331株,检出率为34.22％,以副溶血性弧菌检出率最高,与其他病原菌检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.005).主要流行株副溶血性弧菌分型发现10个血清群,O∶6群和O∶5群为优势群.检出的致病菌对大多数抗生素敏感,其中3株气单胞菌为带aacc耐药基因的多重耐药菌.结论 宁波地区食品中致病菌构成复杂,食品污染是引起食源性疾病的主要原因,其中副溶血性弧菌是最主要的流行菌株；检出的致病菌对多种抗生素敏感,存在aacc耐药菌应引起关注,控制的关键是采取合理用药,加强对耐药菌株的监测,以减少耐药菌的传播和扩散.

Detection and investigation of foodborne bacterial pathogens in Ningbo

To understand the carrying and contamination of foodborne bacterial pathogens in Ningbo city and to provide basis for the control of foodborne disease. To study the food-borne cuspollution, pathogenic in Ningbo City. To trace the source of the Food-borne Disease. Methods Strains, obtained with direct streaking or after enrichment, were identified with biochemistry and API method and typed with serum agglutination method. Antibiotic resistance and relative genes were detected with K-B method and PCR method respectively. Results 2331(7 species and 12 types) strains were detected from 6812 food samples and the detection rate is 34.22%(2331/6812). The most common pathogens were Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the detection rate was significantly different from the other types (P<0.01). Vibrio parahaemolyticus belonged to 10 sero-groups and O6 and O5 were proved as the prevalent sero-groups. Most of the pathogens were sensitive to antibiotics. Three strains of Aeromonas were found multi-resistance with aacc resistance gene. Conclusion Various distribution is proved in foodborne bacteria in Ningbo. Contamination of food with pathogens is a major factor of foodborne diseases. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the most common pathogenic bacteria. Most of the pathogens were sensitive to antibiotics. Bacteria with aacc resistance gene are found, which needs concerns to control the spread of the resistant strains through rational usage of antiobiotics and resistance surveillance.