矿区地下水环境演化的模拟试验研究

以皖北矿区恒源煤矿作为研究区域,通过室内模拟淋滤试验,检测淋滤液中的Na+,SO42-,F-,Fe,总溶解固体,总硬度等污染组分的质量浓度以及pH,电导率,分析研究岩样在淋滤作用下的污染组分的溶出规律以及其随淋滤量增加而衰减的拟合衰减幂数曲线。结果表明,淋滤液中pH值变化不明显,呈中性偏弱酸性,SO42-,F-,Mn等组分超标,其他重金属Cr,Cu,Pb,Cd等未检出;在淋滤试验前期,部分污染组分浓度很高,如Na+,总溶解固体和总硬度等,后期随着淋滤量的增加而呈现衰减趋势,并趋于稳定,其衰减方程基本符合幂数关系。表明在淋滤作用下岩样污染组分对地下水水质存在影响,且在一定程度上影响着地下水环境演化过程。

Simulation Experiment on Groundwater Environment Evolution of Coal Mining District

Taking the Hengyuan coal mine in north of Anhui as study region, an indoor simulating leaching experiment was made to detect the mass concentration, PH and electrical conductivity of the pollutants, such as Na⁺, SO^2-₄, F^-, Fe, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness etc., in the leaching solution. And the pollutants' leaching rules and their simulation degradation powerful number curves which show their degradation with the increase of leaching amount were analyzed and studied. Results showed that in the leaching solution, the PH value was weakly changed, presenting neutral near to weak acidity, and compositions like SO^2-₄, F^-, Mn, etc. are beyond standard, while other heavy metals like Cr，Cu，Pb，Cd, etc. are invisible. In prophase of the leaching experiment, concentrations of some pollutants, such as Na⁺,TDS, total hardness etc., are very high. While in the later stage, along with the increase of leaching amount, the concentrations present a trend of degradation and toward steady, and their attenuation equations basically conform to the relation of power function. It is showed that the pollutants of the coal gangue have an impact on groundwater quality, and affect the evolution process of groundwater environment to a certain extent in leaching process.