陕西商南矿山地质环境质量评价

陕西省商南县矿产资源丰富,矿业开发是该县的支柱产业。频繁的矿山建设、开采活动是地质环境问题频发的原因之一。由于矿山数量较多、集中性差,以商南县为研究区,构建包括矿业开发对地质环境的影响、基础地质和生态环境3个方面,共计16个指标的矿山地质环境质量评价指标体系。将研究区划分为196个4km×4km的评价单元,通过实地调查、统计年鉴等方式获取数据。基于SPSS20.0软件,利用熵值法计算各评价单元指标权重,并结合集对分析理论计算各评价单元联系度,最后依据联系度将其划分为"严重区""一般区"和"良好区"3类矿山地质环境质量区。结果表明:商南县矿山地质环境质量空间分布差异较大,中北部矿山地质环境质量明显优于南部,且南部矿山地质环境问题主要集中在水沟镇、湘河镇、赵川镇等地,以地质灾害、矿渣占用土地、破坏植被及水土污染为主。"严重区""一般区"和"良好区"各占研究区面积的8.16%、46.95%、44.89%。评价结果可为商南县矿山地质环境综合治理提供理论依据。

Evaluation of mine geological environment quality in Shangnan, Shaanxi

Shangnan County is rich in mineral resources, mining development is the pillar industry of the county. Frequent mine construction and mining activities is one of the reasons that lead to geological environmental problems occurred frequently in the county. As the quality of mines is large and poor concentration, the article takes Shangnan country as the research area. The evaluation index system of the article is built that contains the influence of mining development on geological environment, basic geology and ecological environment occupation, a total of 15 indexes. The study area is divided into 196 evaluation units with 4Km×4Km, through field investigation, statistical yearbook and other ways to obtain data. Evaluation indexes weights are calculated by entropy method through SPSS20.0, and using it to calculate contact degree of each evaluation unit. Finally, the mine geological environment quality area can be divided into "serious area", "general area" and "good" by the contact degree. The results shows that the spatial distribution of mine geological environment quality in Shangnan County is quite different. The quality of mine geological environment in the central and northern of Shangnan County is obviously superior to that in the south, and the problems of mine environment in the south are mainly concentrated in Shuigou Town, Xianghe Town, Zhaochuan Town and so on, the mainly geological environment problems are occupy ditches, destroy vegetation, soil and water pollution. The "Serious area", "general area" and "good area" each occupied 7.14%, 51.53% and 41.33% of the study area. The evaluation results can provide theoretical basis for comprehensive management of mine geological environment in Shangnan county.