木家具中挥发性有机物的散发传质特性

建立了新的木家具挥发物散发完全解析模型，全面考虑了各种传质机理和污染物阻力，同时适用于有无换气的模拟. 经分析模型提出了一套简捷的新实验方法，利用同一家具在密封箱中若干释放周期的稳态和实时浓度，同时求取目标污染物的4个重要传质参数：可散发量C0、扩散系数D、分配系数K和对流传质系数h. 测定了(23±0.5)℃、相对湿度45%±5%下某家具中甲醛和总挥发物的传质参数，甲醛C0=4994 mg/m3, D=4.05′10-10 m2/s, K=499, h=1.4′10-3 m/s；总挥发物C0=19939 mg/m3, D=2.12′10-10 m2/s, K=1001, h=5.0′10-4 m/s，均落于常见范围，与其他方法所得对应参数的变异系数小于0.5%. 将参数代入数值算法预测有无换气条件下气候箱中的散发浓度，与实验值的平均偏差小于3.5%.

Mass Transfer Characteristics of VOC Emission from Wood Furniture

A new fully analytical model was established for describing volatile organic compounds (VOC) emission from wood furniture, which comprehensively considers the mechanisms and resistances in mass transfer and can be used in unventilated and ventilated conditions. Then this model was analyzed to propose a new method for conveniently, rapidly and simultaneously measuring four significant mass transfer parameters of target VOC, emittable concentration C0, diffusion coefficient D, partition coefficient K and convection mass transfer coefficient h, using several emission cycles' mass transfer equilibrium and process concentrations of the same furniture in an unventilated chamber. In experiments under (23±0.5)℃ and relative humidity 45%±5%, this method was used to measure formaldehyde and total VOC (TVOC) mass transfer from a piece of furniture, for formaldehyde, C0=4994 mg/m3, D=4.05′10-10 m2/s, K=499 and h=1.4′10-3 m/s, for TVOC, C0=19939 mg/m3, D=2.12′10-10 m2/s, K=1001 and h=5.0′10-4 m/s, which obeys the common range and shows a coefficient of variation less than 0.5% between the present results and calculation based on a reference treatment method. The predicted results of emission concentration in the chamber at either unventilated or ventilated condition based on measured parameters and a numerical calculating model were coincident with corresponding experimental data, showing an average deviation less than 3.5% between them.