水分散有机硅－聚氨酯嵌段共聚物合成性能及应用的研究

合成了水分散有机硅－聚氨酯嵌段共聚物乳液，研究了反应动力学、共聚物的性能及应用．首先由八甲基环四硅氧烷以膨润土为催化剂，醋酐为分子量调节剂合成分子量为端羟基聚硅氧烷齐聚物，再使之与甲苯二异氰酸酯及聚乙醇（ＰＥＧ）于丙酮中反应制得端异氰酸酯基的有机硅－聚氨酯预聚体（ＰＳｉ－ＰＥＵ）．将此预聚体用３－（Ｎ－甲基二乙醇氯化铵）－１，２－环氧丙烷扩链，加水乳化即得阳离子型的有机硅－聚氨酯嵌段共聚物（ＰＳｉ－ＰＵ）水乳液．此种水乳液是一种优良的织物整理剂可用以改善织物的表面性能、吸湿性和永久抗静电效果，同时可提高织物的力学性能和耐磨性能．

Study on the Synthesis, Properties and Utility of Water-dispersed Polysiloxane-polyurethane Block-copolymer

The water-dispersed polysiloxane-polyurethane block-copolymer latex was prepared,and the reaction kinetics,the properties and the application of the copolymer were studied.Firstly,hydroxyl-terminal polysiloxane oligomer with the M. W. of 200 to 600 was synthesized from octamethyl-cyclotetrasiloxane using alta-mud as catalyzers and using acetate anhydride as M.W. regulator. Then the reaction of this polysiloxane oligomer with toluyene diisocyanate and polyethylene glycol in acetone gave isocyanate-terminal polysiloxane-polyurethane prepolymer.(PSi - PEU). Finally, when the prepolymer was extended by 3-(N-methyl-N,N-biethanol ammonium chloride)-1, 2-epihydrin, the cationic polysiloxane polyurethane block-copolymer (PSi-PU) was fabricated. As a fine fabric finishing agent, this dispersion not only improves the surface properties, the moisture absorption and the permanent antistatic properties of the textures, but also up-grades the mechanical properties and wear hardness of the textures.