Indoor thermal conditions and thermal comfort in air-conditioned domestic buildings in the dry-desert climate of Kuwait

The summer season in the state of Kuwait is long with a mean daily maximum temperature of 45 °C. Domestic air conditioning is generally deployed from the beginning of April to the end of October. This accounts for around 75% of Kuwaiti electrical power consumption. In terms of energy conservation, increasing the thermostat temperature by 1 °C could save about 10% of space cooling energy 1 and 2. However, knowledge of indoor domestic temperatures and thermal comfort sensations is important to aid future advice formulation and policy-making related to domestic energy consumption. A field study was therefore conducted during the summers of 2006 and 2007 to investigate the indoor climate and occupants' thermal comfort in 25 air-conditioned domestic buildings in Kuwait. The paper presents statistical data about the indoor environmental conditions in Kuwait domestic residences, together with an analysis of domestic-occupant thermal comfort sensations. With respect to the latter, a total of 111 participants provided 111 sets of physical measurements together with subjective information via questionnaires that were used to collect the data. By using linear regression analysis of responses on the ASHRAE-seven-point thermal sensation scale, the neutral operative temperatures based on Actual Mean Vote (AMV) and Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) were found to be 25.2 °C and 23.3 °C, respectively, in the summer season. Findings from this study provide information about the indoor domestic thermal environment in Kuwait, together with occupant thermal comfort sensations. This knowledge can contribute towards the development of future energy-related design codes for Kuwait.