考虑高铁时间窗和客户满意度的生鲜品公铁联运路径选择

针对生鲜品小批量、高时效的运输特点，提出将“高速公路+高速铁路”作为一种快速联运方式应用于生鲜品的多式联运中。以总成本最低为目标，以高铁服务时间窗、客户满意度为约束，构建基于模糊需求的生鲜品公铁联运路径选择与运输方式组合模型。以“哈尔滨-昆明”联运网络为例进行算例分析，应用Lingo12.0实现模型求解。结果表明，提出的“高速公路+高速铁路”联运方式在运输总成本和客户满意度方面均优于单一运输方式，且与“高速公路+航空”联运方式相比具有成本优势；采用灵敏度分析法，分别探究了置信水平、客户品质满意度约束值和时间满意度约束值的变化对运输总成本的影响关系，同时验证了模型的有效性，为“高速公路+高速铁路”方式下的生鲜品运输路径选择提供有益参考。

Road-Rail Multimodal Transportation Routing Optimization of Fresh Products Considering High-speed Rail Time Window and Customer Satisfaction

In the context of high-speed rail participation in freight, according to fresh product transportation demand of small freight volume and high time efficiency, it is proposed to apply "highway + high-speed railway" as a method to rapid multimodal transportation of fresh products. Taking the minimum total cost as the target, and constrained by the high-speed rail service time windows and customer satisfaction, an optimization model is constructed for selecting the road-rail multimodal transportation route and deciding the transportation mode of fresh products based on fuzzy demand. Taking "Harbin-Kunming" transportation path as an example, the result calculated by Lingo12.0 shows that the road-rail multimodal transportation mode is better than single transportation mode in terms of total cost and customer satisfaction, and this new transportation mode enjoys more cost advantage than road-air multimodal transportation. The sensitivity analysis method is applied to explore the impact of changes in confidence level, customer satisfaction constraint and time satisfaction constraint on the total cost. The results verify the validity of the model and provide a useful reference for the decision of fresh products' road-rail multimodal transportation route.