一种综合赋权的改进FMEA风险评估方法

针对传统故障模式和影响分析(failure mode and effects analysis, FMEA)方法中的未考虑风险因子权重以及风险因子权重难确定这一问题，提出一种综合赋权的改进FMEA风险评估方法。该方法首先通过FMEA团队明确评估对象和FMEA范围，然后列出所有潜在故障模式，对故障模式进行打分，得到所有的专家打分评估表，再通过语言变量转化为直觉模糊数。由层次分析法确定主观权重，由数据本身确定客观权重，使用直觉模糊混合加权算子(intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid weighted, IFHW)算子集结评价信息，得到所有的故障模式的得分函数，最后基于风险最大化选取每个故障模式的最大分数，进行排名，得到最终的故障模式风险顺序。通过对静电纺丝设备进行FMEA分析，并与其他方法进行比较，验证了所提方法的可行性。

An Improved FMEA Risk Assessment Method Based on Comprehensive Empowerment

With respect to the problems that the traditional failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) method does not consider the risk factor weight and the risk factor weight is difficult to determine, a comprehensive weighted improved FMEA risk assessment method was proposed. FMEA team evaluated the object and FMEA range, listed all potential failure modes, scored the failure mode, and obtained all expert scoring evaluation tables. The linguistic variables which could be transformed into intuitionistic fuzzy numbers were used to represent evaluation information of failure modes. The IFHW operator, which combined the subjective weight determined by the AHP method and the objective weight determined by the data itself, was used to aggregate the evaluation information to obtain the score function of all failure modes. The final ranking of all failure modes were selected based on the risk maximization principle. The feasibility of the proposed method was verified by FMEA analysis of the electrospinning equipment and comparison with other methods.