Mechanisms of SMP production in membrane bioreactors: Choosing an appropriate mathematical model structure |
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| Authors: | Adrienne Menniti Eberhard Morgenroth |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;2. Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 8, 90100 Palermo, Italy;2. Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA;3. Future Water Institute, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700 Cape, South Africa;1. College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province 321004, PR China;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada P7B 5E1;3. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China;1. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chittagong 4349, Bangladesh;3. School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;4. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China;5. State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China;6. Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong, Shanghai, China;1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and, Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710055, China;2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture, and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710055, China;3. Northwest China Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Ecology, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710055, China;1. Section of Systems Engineering and Technology, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway;2. Industrial Strategic Market Consultant, 257 Gano Street #7 Providence, Rhode Island 02906, United States;3. Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou St., GR-15780, Athens, Greece;4. Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Brunel University, Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK;1. Gas Processing Center, Qatar University, Qatar;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, Qatar;3. Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, UK |
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| Abstract: | Being able to predict the soluble microbial product (SMP) concentration, an important foulant in membrane bioreactors (MBRs), with mathematical models provides the opportunity to use foulant production as an MBR design and optimization parameter. This study examined the ability of three mathematical model structures to describe two distinct mechanisms of SMP production. The production mechanisms evaluated are (1) the erosion or hydrolysis of floc-associated extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and (2) decay of active cells. The models were compared based on their ability to predict SMP concentrations observed in an MBR system during a period of increased SMP and floc-associated EPS production due to increased predation. Predation was an important contributor to overall biomass decay. Short-term batch experiments were also preformed to examine model assumptions related to the (1) production of SMP due to decay of active cells, (2) production of SMP due to erosion of floc-associated EPS, (3) degradability of SMP present in the MBR mixed liquor during increased predation and (4) degradability of eroded floc-associated EPS. Both erosion of floc-associated EPS and decay of active cells were shown to be important independent mechanisms of SMP production. Therefore, a mathematical model used to predict SMP concentrations should provide the ability to capture both mechanisms independently. SMP produced during increased predation were slowly degradable while eroded floc-associated EPS was rapidly degradable. Model results demonstrate that the slowly biodegradable SMP fraction will dominate the bulk phase SMP concentration. |
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