超临界-CO2 萃取燕麦麸油及其脂肪酸分析

采用正交试验考察超临界CO2 萃取燕麦麸皮中燕麦油的最佳工艺技术参数，用GC-MS 分析燕麦麸油的脂肪酸组成。结果表明：CO2 超临界萃取的最佳工艺参数为压力15MPa、温度35℃、时间3h，所得燕麦麸油澄清透明，呈金黄色，具有特殊的麦香味。超临界CO2 萃取燕麦麸油中的脂肪酸主要有棕榈酸17.60% 、硬脂酸1.32%、油酸40.15%、亚油酸37.55%、亚麻酸1.89% 和反油酸1.52%；而石油醚萃取燕麦麸油中的脂肪酸主要有15.90%、1.67%、38.38 %、41.67%、1.63% 和1.32%。超临界CO2 萃取与石油醚萃取燕麦麸油中的总不饱和脂肪酸分别占81.11% 和83.00%。

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Oat Bran Oil and Its Fatty Acid Composition

The optimal parameters for the supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2 ) extraction of oat bran oil were determined by orthogonal array design to be: extraction pressure 15 MPa, extraction temperature 35 ℃ and length of extraction 3 hours. The oat bran oil obtained was clear and of golden color and had the characteristic smell of oat. Its fatty acid composition and that of petroleum ether extraction-derived oat bran oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the results revealed that the major fatty acids found in SC-CO2 extraction-derived oat bran oil were palmitic acid (17.60%), stearic acid (1.32%), oleic acid (40.15%), linoleic acid (37.55%), linolenic acid (1.89%) and elaidic acid (1.52%) and that these compounds in its petroleum ether extraction-derived counterpart were 15.90%, 1.67%, 38.38%, 41.67%, 1.63%, and 1.32%, respectively. The total contents of unsaturated fatty acids in SC-CO2 extraction-derived oat bran oil and its petroleum ether extraction-derived counterpart were 81.11% and 83.00%, respectively.