柑橘皮精油成分分析及抑菌活性研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取柑橘皮精油，通过气相色谱- 质谱法(GC-MS)对精油进行成分分析，鉴定出17 种化合物，占精油的99.80%。其中主要以柠檬烯(92.72%)为主，萜类化合物的含量最高，可达97.90%。还含有少量的醛、醇和酮等化合物。通过测量柑橘皮精油的抑菌圈直径判定其抗菌活性的大小，结果表明：柑橘皮精油对大肠杆菌、白色葡萄球菌和青霉均有较强的抑菌作用，对大肠杆菌的抑菌作用最强。对大肠杆菌和白色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径均大于15mm，属高度敏感；对青霉的抑菌圈直径为14.1mm，属中度敏感。大肠杆菌和白色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别小于1.25% 和2.5%。

Composition Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil from Citrus Peel

Citrus peel essential oil was obtained by distillation and its composition was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Totally 17 compounds were identified and represented 99.80% of the essential oil, including D-limonene (92.72%), the most predominant compound, terpenoids having the highest relative content (97.90%) and small amounts of aldehyde, alcohol and ketone compounds. The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was determined by measuring inhibition zone diameter, and the results showed that it had stronger inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus cremoris and Penicillium sp., especially against Escherichia coli. The inhibition zone diameters against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus cremoris were both larger than 15 mm, indicating high sensitivity, and that against Penicillium sp. 14.1 mm, moderate sensitivity. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus cremoris were 1.25% and 2.5%, respectively.