火棘籽油超临界CO2提取及脂肪酸组分测定

采用超临界CO2 设备萃取火棘籽油，运用正交试验法研究与萃取相关的压力、温度、时间等因素对火棘籽油萃取收率的影响。结果表明，火棘籽油超临界CO2 的较佳萃取工艺条件为萃取釜压力40MPa、萃取温度38～46℃、分离釜Ⅰ压力10MPa、分离釜Ⅰ温度35℃、分离釜Ⅱ压力5MPa、分离釜Ⅱ温度31℃、萃取时间180min。在较佳工艺条件下，火棘籽油的萃取收率为88.96%。超临界CO2 萃取的火棘籽油富含天然VE，主要由亚油酸和油酸组成，几乎不含亚麻酸。

Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Pyracantha fortuneana Seed Oil and Determination of Fatty Acid Compositions

Pyracantha fortuneana seed oil was extracted by supercritical CO2. The effects of extraction pressure, extraction temperature and extraction time on the yield of oil were explored by orthogonal experiments. The optimal extraction conditions of seed oil using supercritical CO2 were extraction pressure of 40 MPa, extraction temperature of 38 － 46 ℃, pressure and temperature in separator Ⅰof 10 MPa and 35 ℃, pressure and temperature in separator Ⅱ of 5 MPa and 31 ℃, and total extraction time of 180 min. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the yield of seed oil extracted by supercritical CO2 was 88.96%. The extracted seed oil contained a plenty of natural vitamin E, linoleic acid and oleic acid. However, no linolenic acid was detected in extracted seed oil.