黑木耳黑色素鉴定及提取工艺优化

对黑木耳黑色素进行鉴定，并对提取工艺进行优化。黑木耳黑色素性质研究中发现色素溶于碱性溶液，不溶于水、酸及有机溶剂。运用紫外- 可见光谱扫描、傅里叶红外光谱扫描初步研究黑木耳黑色素的基本结构性质，鉴定表明黑木耳黑色素与酪氨酸合成黑色素相一致，为3,4- 二羟基苯丙氨酸(DOPA)类黑色素。提取工艺优化实验发现，采用超声波辅助提取并通过单因素及正交试验优化提取条件，得到最佳提取条件为提取时间80min、超声功率80W、氢氧化钠溶液浓度1.25mol/L、料液比(g/mL)1:30，在优化提取条件下粗品得率达到9.107%，与常规方法相比较，超声波辅助提取具有萃取工艺简单、提取时间短、提取效果较好等优点。

Identification and Extraction Technology of Melanin from Auricularia auricula

Auricularia auricula melanin was measured for its solubility and UV and infrared spectral characteristics. Meanwhile, optimization of its extraction technology was conducted. The melanin was soluble in alkaline solution, but insoluble in water, acid solution and organic solvents. The UV and infrared spectral characterization indicated that the melanin had a structure identical to that of synthetic tyrosine melanin, and belonged to the group of 3,4-dihydroxy phenylalanine (DOPA) melanins. The one-factor-at-a-time and orthogonal array design methods were used to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction technology of Auricularia auricula melanin, and extraction duration of 80 min, ultrasonic power of 80 W, NaOH concentration of 1.25 mol/L, material-to-liquid ratio of 1:30 were found optimum, and the crude extract yield reached up to 9.107% under these optimum conditions. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction has some advantages over conventional methods, such as simplicity, rapidity, better effectiveness, and so on.