3 个菠萝品种果实香气成分分析

研究“巴厘”、“卡因”和“台农11 号”3 种菠萝果实的香气成分及其差异。采用顶空固相微萃取技术- 气质联用技术(HS-SPME-GC-MS)对3 种菠萝成熟果实香气成分进行分析测定。从 “巴厘”、“卡因”和“台农11 号”3 种果实中分别检测出46、40 和29 种香气成分，各占总峰面积的99.04%、84.11%、92.43%。主要成分为酯类、烃类、苯类、萘类化合物。酯类物质在“巴厘”“卡因”“台农11 号”测试品种中含量最高，分别达90.87%、59.92% 和82.54%；烃类次之，苯类和萘类物质含量较小。3 种果实有11 种相同的香气成分，独有的香气成分为：“巴厘”16 种，“卡因”16 种，“台农11 号”7 种。3 种菠萝果实香气成分的种类和含量之间存在差异，“巴厘”的重要特征香气成分为癸酸乙酯、己酸乙酯和2- 甲基丁酸乙酯；“卡因”的重要特征香气成分为己酸乙酯、辛酸乙酯和乙酸异戊酯；“台农11 号”的重要特征香气成分为己酸乙酯、辛酸乙酯和2-甲基丁酸乙酯。

Analysis of Aromatic Components in Pineapple Varieties

In order to investigate the difference of aromatic components in three kinds of pineapple varieties such as Bali, Cayenne and Tainung 11, aromatic components in these pineapple varieties were analyzed by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction technique combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Totally 46, 40 and 29 aromatic components with total relative contents of 99.04%, 84.11% and 92.43% were detected in Bali, Cayenne and Tainung 11, respectively. In addition, esters, hydrocarbons, benzenes and naphthalenes were major constituents in these aromatic components. The highest content in these aromatic components was esters, which reached up to 90.87% for Bali, 59.92% for Cayenne and 82.54% for Tainung 11. The contents of benzenes and naphthalenes were the lowest. Furthermore, 11 common aromatic components were observed in these 3 pineapple varieties and 16, 16 and 7 unique components were observed in Bali, Cayenne and Tainung 11, respectively. Key aromatic compounds were detected to be decanoic acid ethyl ester, hexanoic acid ethyl ester and butanoic acid 2-methyl-ethyl ester in Bali, hexanoic acid ethyl ester, octanoic acid ethyl ester and 1-butanol 3-methyl acetate in Cayenne, and hexanoic acid ethyl ester, octanoic acid ethyl ester and butanoic acid 2-methyl-ethyl ester in Tainung 11. These aromatic compositions could contribute to the evaluation of fruit quality.