日本潜艇用钢及焊接材料的焊接性能综述

本文综述了日本的潜艇用钢及其焊接材料的各项焊接性能试验情况。对NS63和NS80钢的大量试验结果表明:为了防止产生焊接裂纹,应根据钢种强度级别、板厚和拘束应力的不同来选择不同的预热和道间温度,通常在50~150℃之间变化;相应的焊接热输入也宜在16~24 kJ/cm之内选配,以便得到与焊材相适应的临界冷却速度,使之满足焊缝力学性能的要求。还要限制施焊环境的水蒸气分压(≤25mmHg),焊材的吸潮量要≤0.20%。另外,对NS110钢的低强匹配焊接接头也进行了大量的试验工作,结果表明:在焊缝强度比母材降低15%的条件下仍具有良好的综合性能,将其应用到潜艇壳体上是可以信赖的。

Review on the Welding Properties of Submarine Steel and Welding Consumables Used for Japan

Welding properties of submarine steel and welding consumables of Japan were presented in this paper.The plentiful test results of NS63 and NS80 steel indicate that the dissimilar preheating and interpass temperature is choose to avoid welding crack according to the different steel strength grade、plate thickness and the different restraint stress.The temperature generally varies between 50℃ to 150℃,the relevant heat input shall be such matched from 16kJ/cm to 24kJ/cm and critical cooling speed fits with welding consumables that to satisfy the mechanical properties requirement of weld metal.Furthermore,the vapor pressure in working environment should be restricted(≤25mmHg) and the moisture absorption quantity of the welding consumables shall be less than 0.20%.A mass of low-strength matching welded joints tests indicates that the welded joints still possess favorable integrated property when the strength of weld metal is 15% lower than that of base metal suggesting that the low-strength matching welded joint is reliable for application in submarine.