改革开放后乡村人居环境发展历程、逻辑与展望

改革开放以来,乡村人居环境发展经历了前所未有的机遇和挑战。对乡村人居环境的发展特征进行深入研究,有利于揭示我国乡村人居环境演变的内在规律,为未来乡村人居环境建设提供参考与依据。本文在"自(他)组织理论"的视角下,厘清了改革开放以来乡村人居环境的发展趋势,并依据相关政策和时代特征,将改革开放以来乡村人居环境的发展分为失衡、模糊、转变、升华四个阶段。通过对自组织、他组织演变路径的分析,探讨了乡村人居环境的内部主体之间、内部主体与外部主体之间的互动,并进一步探析了"自上而下"的他组织和"自下而上"的自组织作用逻辑。最后在逻辑框架的指导下,对三大驱动因子提出了优化路径和发展引导的建议,以期实现新时代乡村人居环境的优化。

DEVELOPMENTP ROCESS,LOGIC,AND PROSPECT OF RURAL HUMAN SETTLEMENTS AFTER REFORM AND OPENING-UP

The development of rural human settlements has faced unprecedented opportunities and challenges since the reform and opening-up.The in-depth study on the development characteristics of rural human settlements is conducive to revealing the inherent laws of the evolution of rural human settlements in China and providing reference and basis for the construction of rural human settlements in the future.From the perspective of “self/hetero-organization theory”,this paper reviews the development process of rural human settlements since the reform and opening-up,and divides it into four stages of imbalance,ambiguity,transformation,and improvement according to relevant policies and characteristics of the times.By analyzing the evolution path of self-organization and hetero-organization,the paper discusses the interaction between internal actors as well as that between internal and external actors in rural human settlements,and further discusses the logic of “top-down” hetero-organization and “bottom-up” self-organization.In the end,under the guidance of the logical framework,the paper puts forward the optimization path and development guidance for the three driving factors,with the hope to improve the rural human settlements in the new era.