清末台中省城与台北府城所见传统城市规划理念与方法

台中省城(台湾府城)是中国清代最后一座全新选址、规划、建设的省城,台北府城是中国清代晚期一座全新创建的府城。这两座城市的选址规划反映出当时的城市规划制度与通法,展现出中国传统城市规划体系的最后面貌。本文梳理两座城市的规划建设历程,从选址、规模、塑形、择向、配置、实施六个方面总结其反映的传统城市规划理念与方法,并在横向比较和纵向梳理中解读这两个案例的代表性与特殊性。

TRADITIONAL PLANNING IDEAS AND METHODS OF THE PROVINCIAL CAPITAL AND PREFECTURAL CITIES OF TAIWAN IN THE LATE QING DYNASTY

Taizhong (Taichung) City is the last newly planned and built provincial capital city on a brand-new site in the Qing Dynasty,while Taibei (Taipei) City is also a newly planned and built prefectural city in around the same period.The siting and planning of both cities demonstrate the rules and regulations of that era,presenting the final features of the traditional city planning system in ancient China.This paper reviews the planning and construction process of these two cities,summarizes the traditional planning ideas and methods they had used from the perspectives of siting,scale,shaping,orientation,arrangement,and practice,and concludes the representativeness and particularity of both cities through comparative studies.