微波辐照巴旦杏核壳制备活性炭及其吸附性能研究

以巴旦杏核壳为原料，采用微波辐照法制备活性炭。考察了活化条件对活性炭得率和吸附性能的影响。研究结果表明，在活化剂种类、活化剂用量、微波功率和辐照时间4个因素中，微波辐照时间对活性炭质量指标影响最大，延长时间可以提高其产品的得率和吸附性能。巴旦杏核壳基质活性炭的最佳制备工艺：巴旦杏核壳10g，固液比1：3（g：mL），磷酸质量分数40％、浸溃24h，微波功率640W、活化时间16min。在此条件下制得的活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值为231．5mg/g，活性炭得率为56．8％。二级动力学模型能很好的描述巴旦杏核壳活性炭对亚甲基蓝大分子的吸附动力学过程。吸附符合Freundlich吸附等温线方程。

Preparation and Adsorption of Activated Carbon from Amygdalus Communis L. Shell by Microware Irradiation

In order to find out new material resource and new heating measure, preparation of activated carbon from Amygdalus communis L. shell under microwave irradiation was researched. Effects of four major factors, i.e. activation agent sort and concentration, microware power and radiation time, on the yields and methylene blue absorption of activated carbon were investigated by experimental design using an orthogonal table program including four factors and three levels. The result indicated that the effect of activation time was significant, and the activation agent concentration was the second factors for the properties of activated carbon. The optimal results were 10 g Amygdalus Cummunis L. Shell, microwave power 640 W, microwave time 16 min and H3 PO4 solution mass fraction 40%. Under this condition, the decolorizing capacity for methylene blue of activated carbon was 231.5 mg/g, and the yield was 56.8%. The processes of adsorbing methylne blue with activated carbon could be suitably described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon was increased with increasing the temperature, and the adsorption isotherm was better fitted by Freundlich model than that by Langmuir model.