渤海辽东湾典型人工鱼礁区域水沙动力特征与格局优化探讨

人工鱼礁是改善海洋生态环境、提高渔业产量的有效措施之一,不同规模的人工鱼礁会产生不同的流场效应.本文以渤海辽东湾觉华岛人工鱼礁区拟投放的方形人工鱼礁区域为研究对象,采用PIV粒子图像测速技术,实施了20组室内水槽实验,模拟了不同流速条件下不同布设间距对单位礁流场的影响及紊动效应.结果 表明:随着流速增加,同一间距下上升...

Discussion on water and sediment dynamic characteristics and layout optimization of typical artificial reefs in Liaodong Bay of Bohai Sea

Artificial reef is an effective measure to improve the marine ecological environment and increase fishery production. Different scale artificial reefs will produce different flow field effects. In this paper, 20 flume experiments were carried out to simulate the effect of the disposal spacing on the flow field of square ecological reef unit reef in Juehua Island, Liaodong Bay, using PIV technology. The results show that with the increase of velocity, the height, length, area and other eigenvalues of upwelling and back vortex show an increasing trend, while the turbulence intensity shows a decreasing trend. At the same velocity, the eigenvalues of upwelling and turbulence intensity do not change with the spacing, but the eigenvalues of back vortex first increases and then decreases with the spacing increasing. On the other hand, the entropy method is used to evaluate the flow field effect under the four spacings based on the hydrodynamic characteristics and economic cost index. When only considering the hydrodynamic index, the comprehensive score of flow field effect from large to small is 1.25L > 1.00L > 0.75L > 1.50L, and the gap between 1.25L and 1.00L is very small; after the cost index is included, the comprehensive score is 1.25L > 1.00L > 1.50L > 0.75L. Moreover, the score diffrence between 1.25L and 1.00L is very small, and it reaches a relative maximum at 1.15L through meticulous simulation. According to the experimental results, from the perspective of theory and practice, considering the ecological benefits and economic costs, it is suggested that the original design spacing should be increased by 15% when the square unit reef is put into practice, which provides a reference for the construction of artificial reef.