炮口冲击波的生物效应研究

初步探讨了炮口冲击波的超压场分布和生物效应 .实验结果表明炮口冲击波有二次激波形成 ,超压峰值以炮口前方 1 m附近最高 ;而炮尾处仅有一次激波形成 ,超压峰值较低 .生物效应主要为听器、肺、上呼吸道损伤 ,有时伴有胃肠道损伤 ,损伤程度与炮口冲击波超压明显有关 .二次焰可引起动物潦毛 .该结果为冲击波损伤的量效关系积累了基础数据 ,对火炮设计有一定的指导意义 .

STUDIES ON BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF MUZZLE BLAST WAVE

The distribution of overpressure field and the biological effects of muzzle blast wave during gun firing were explored. The results show that double shock waves were performed in muzzle blast wave. The peak overpressure point was located at 1 m forward the muzzle. However, only simple shock wave was performed at the caudal region of gun. The overpressure was lower. The bilolgical effects mainly show the injuries of organ on auditus, lung and upper respiratory tract, sometimes showed the injuries of gastrointestinal tract. The injury severity was well correlated with the overpressure of muzzle blast wave. The animal hair was burnt out by secondary flame. These results added the basic data for the dose effects of blast injuries, and were also helpful for the ammunition optimization and the prevention of blast wave.