船舶摇摆振动对传热和制冷系统的影响研究述评

渔船发动机尾气制冷系统和核动力舰船的自然冷却系统在海洋条件下的安全稳定性是关乎其应用的重要问题。研究海洋条件下的流动与换热特性对提高制冷系统的稳定性具有重要意义。文中综述了海洋条件下船舶的摇摆与晃动对储液容器、换热器的热传递以及制冷系统影响的研究现状。大量研究表明,海洋条件下摇摆与晃荡会对流动与换热造成影响,而传热传质的强化或削弱依具体海况(摇摆和晃荡的剧烈程度)而不同。渔船尾气吸收式制冷系统在比较恶劣的海洋条件下将受到较大的影响。通过在储液容器(如吸收器、发生器)中增加阻尼板或阻尼网,可有效抑制储液容器内部液面波动,提高系统运行稳定性。

A Review of the Influence of Ship Vibration and Rolling on Heat Transfer and Flow Performance of the Refrigerating Systems Onboard

The safety and stability of the refrigerating systems onboard have a great effect on the application of refrigerator driven by waste heat from fishing vessels and the natural cooling system used in nuclear powered vessels, which infers the importance of studying the performance of heat transfer and flow at ocean conditions. This study gives a brief review of the influence of ship vibration and rolling motions at sea on the performance of heat and mass transfer in fluid-filled tanks and refrigerating systems. Investigations on great amount researches indicate that effect of vibration and rolling motions on heat and mass transfer and flow characteristics depends on the level of vibration and rolling. The absorption refrigeration system can be easily affected at ocean conditions except during mild vibrations while researchers also found that by adding baffles or porous medium to the liquid tank can effectively improve the stability of fluid-filled tanks.