基于情境教育的大栅栏公共空间适儿化 文教场景研究

目前历史街区公共空间更新开始关注儿童需求,包 括自然性和游戏性,但缺少从儿童教育性视角的研究。借助大 栅栏街区丰富的文化资源,利用胡同街巷线性空间特点,从承 载文化教育功能视角,研究大栅栏历史街区公共空间适儿化改 造对儿童友好背景下的城市更新具有借鉴意义。首先以大栅栏 街区公共空间为研究对象,挖掘北京历史文化街区中华优秀文 化基因,通过人本观察、儿童心生理认知实验和语义分割等方 法,研究儿童认知特征及文化认知偏好,建立大栅栏适儿化文 化教育基因库;其次梳理大栅栏公共空间类型和模式,构建大 栅栏适儿化文教场景体系;最后通过归纳景观场景范式提出优 化策略,并结合党建引领、多元共融的社区营造工作体系下开 展的“党建四合院”“大栅栏儿童责任规划师”和“大栅栏文 化童学路”3个特色项目实践,探索具有文保区特色的儿童友 好城市建设模式和路径。

Research on Child-Friendly Educational Landscape Scene of Public Open Space in Dashilar Historic District Based on Situational Education Theory

At present, the renewal of public space in historical blocks has begun to pay attention to children''s needs, including naturalness and playfulness, but it lacks the perspective of children education. With the help of the rich cultural resource endowment of Dashilar block and the linear space characteristics of Hutong streets, and from the perspective of carrying cultural and educational functions, it is of great significance to study the child-friendly transformation of public open space in Dashilar historical district for urban renewal under the background of child-friendly city development. Firstly, taking the public space of Dashilar block as the research object, this paper excavates the excellent Chinese cultural genes in Beijing historical and cultural blocks. Through the methods of humanistic observation, children''s psychophysiological cognitive experiment and semantic segmentation, this paper studies children''s cognitive characteristics and cultural cognitive preferences, and establishes a gene bank of Dashilar suitable for children''s cultural education. Secondly, it sorts out the types and modes of public open space in Dashilar historical district, and constructs a cultural and educational scene system suitable for children in Dashilar. Finally, by summarizing the landscape scene paradigm, the optimization strategy is proposed, and combined with the three characteristic project practices of "Party Building Courtyard", "Dashilar Children''s Responsibility Planner" and "Dashilar Children''s Learning Road" under the community construction work system led by Party building and pluralistic integration, the model and path of child-friendly city construction with the characteristics of cultural protection area are explored.