增韧改性阻燃聚丙烯的制备以及性能研究

将多聚磷酸铵、季戊四醇、三聚氰胺及有机化蒙脱土通过160℃预混制备了膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR),马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)为增容剂,选用SBS、EVA、CPE、MBS分别对PP进行增韧改性,采用熔融插层法制备了阻燃聚丙烯(FRPP)。利用了TGA、LOI、SEM和力学性能测试等研究了不同种类的增韧剂和不同OMMT含量对阻燃PP的热稳定性能、阻燃性能、力学性能的影响。结果表明:加入IFR,PP的极限氧指数由17%升为31%,其中CPE体系的极限氧指数达到31%;体系的起始分解温度由纯PP的440.8℃升高到459.5℃,600℃的残炭率比纯PP提高15%以上。SBS的加入,使体系韧性改善最明显,其中OMMT对SBS增韧体系的拉伸强度有改善,对其他增韧体系反而降低拉伸强度。综合FRPP性能,采用SBS为体系的增韧剂,添加1phr OMMT,可以在提高体系的韧性同时,阻燃性能和拉伸性能可以得到进一步的改善。

Preparation and properties study of intumescent flame retardant and toughening on polypropylene

A kind of flame retardant polypropylene （FRPP） is prepared by melt extrusion from PP, with PP-g-MAH as compatibilizer, SBS, EVA, CPE or MBS as toughener, and a new kind of IFR, which is prepared by mixing APP, PER, MEI. and OMMT at 160℃. Some properties of new FRPP are tested by TGA, LOI, SEM and mechanical property test with different kinds of tougheners and different amount of OMMT, the properties including thermal stability, flame retardant, and me chanical properties. The results show that compared to pure PP, the LOI of FRPP increased from 17% to 31%, expecially for the systems with CPE（31%）, the initial decomposition temperature raised to 459.5℃from 440.8℃ , and the char residue is improved by over 15 ℃ at 600 ℃. The addition SBS brings significant improvement to the system and OMMT has good help for its tensile strength, but no help for others system. Compared with the properties of all FRPP, the system with SBS as toughner and 1 phr OMMT can bring well flame retardant, and tensile property, during the toughness increasing.