Ni~(2+)和Sn~(2+)改性的SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2固体超强酸催化剂对稠油的降黏性能

稠油黏度高的特性使其开采难度较大。为降低胜利油田稠油的黏度,制备了金属离子(Ni2+和Sn2+)改性的SO42-/ZrO2固体超强酸催化剂,考察了这两种催化剂对稠油的降黏性能。实验结果表明,Ni2+和Sn2+改性的SO24-/ZrO2固体超强酸催化剂能在较低的温度下催化稠油降黏,在反应温度240℃、压力3~4MPa、反应时间24h、稠油与催化剂质量比100∶0.05的条件下,稠油的黏度由0.319Pa.s分别降至0.135Pa.s和0.163Pa.s,降黏率达57.7%和48.9%。反应后,稠油中的饱和烃含量增加,芳烃、胶质和沥青质含量减少,杂原子S和N的含量降低。同时发现,水的存在对稠油降黏不利。

Effect of Ni2+ and Sn2+ Modified SO2+4/ZrO2 Solid Super-Acid Catalysts on Visbreaking of Heavy Petroleum Oil

SO2-4/ZrO2 solid super-acid catalysts(SZ) separately doped with Ni2+ and Sn2+(Ni2+/SZ,Sn2+/SZ) were prepared for catalytic visbreaking of heavy petroleum oil from Shengli oil field.The visbreaking reactions were carried out under conditions of 240 ℃,3-4 MPa,mass ratio of heavy petroleum oil to catalyst 100 ∶0.05 and reaction time 24 h.The effect of water content on viscosity change of heavy petroleum oil was also investigated.Both the catalysts can promote thermolysis of heavy petroleum oil,and make the viscosity dropping from 0.319 Pa·s to 0.135 Pa·s(Ni2+/SZ) and 0.163 Pa·s(Sn2+/SZ),respectively.The visbreaking rates are 57.7% and 48.9% correspondingly.After reactions,content of saturated hydrocarbons increases and contents of aromatics,resin and asphaltene decrease.At the same time,sulfur and nitrogen contents in heavy petroleum oil also reduce.The presence of water is disadvantageous to visbreaking of heavy petroleum oil.